z=x^2-y^2n=(-2x,2y,1)|(1,2,-3)=(-2,4,1)ux=yz|(1,2,-3)=-6uy=xz|(1,2,-3)=-3uz=xy|(1,2,-3)=2所以方向导数au/an=-2×(-6)+4×(-3)+1×2=12-12+2=2