求解:谓语动词、状语、时间状语从句…

谓语就是动作，动词或动词短语
状语就是修饰谓语动词的，例如说明动作是说明时候发生的，就是时间状语；动作是怎样发生的就是方式状语，还有地点状语等，由副词构成，以及9种状语从句
状语从句就是由一个句子而不是单词来充当状语的主从复合句
具体分类有：
1. 表示时间的状语从句可以由when, whenever, as, while, before, after, until, till, since, ever since, now (that), once, so/as long as, as soon as…引起。
　I will give you the information as soon as I get it.
　Once you start to smoke, it is hard to give it up.
　Let's stay here until the teacher comes.
有时也可以用every time, each time, immediately, the moment, soon after, shortly after, next time等词引起状语从句。
　Every time I see him, I have a terrible feeling inside.
　None of them stopped talking the moment she came in.
　I will show you the movie the next time you come here.
　Shortly after Abraham Lincoln took office, the southern States rebelled.
　主句动词是持续，用肯定句（直到……为止）。主句动词是瞬间动词，用否定形式。（直到……才）

　2. 表示地点的状语从句用where或wherever引起。
　You can make a mark where you have a question.
　Wherever you go, I will be right here waiting for you.
　People at that time went to wherever they could find work.
3. 表示原因的状语从句用as, because, since, now that,（ not that…but that）等等词引起。
　Since no one is against it, we'll have a test.
　Now that you are here, I will tell you the truth.

　在一些形容词后的状语从句中同样表示原因。这些词中常见的有sorry, annoyed, surprised, glad, ashamed, disappointed, afraid, hurt, satisfied, content…
　I am very happy that you have passed the exam.
　We feel proud that you beat that Japanese in public.
4. 表示结果的状语从句的连接词有that, so that, so…that, such…that…
　What's wrong that you lost your temper?
　He didn't sleep well last night, so that he is asleep.
　We left home in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
5. 表示条件的状语从句用if, unless, suppose, in case, so/as long as, so far as, on condition that…
　As long as we stick to it, we will succeed.
　Call me in case you have any difficulty.
　He used to be an honest man, as far as I know.
6. 表示让步的状语从句可以由though, although, no matter, even if, even though, however, whatever…引起。
　I will leave here although I just arrived.
　You should remember who you are even if you are a star.
　I'll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.
　Poor as he was, he was honest.
英语中的动词主要分为BE动词（即系动词）、实义动词（行为动词）和情态动词。
实义动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。
二者从是否需要宾语来分，实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。
1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。
2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如：
3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agree同意，1isten听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如：
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve为…服务。
Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
情态动词：
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) .

情态动词的位置:
情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。
情态动词的特点:
情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。
BE动词：
）是用于构成动词的进行语态和被动语态
2）表示某人某物的存在
3）表示可能会发生的事
4）用于描述某人某物的现有状态
常见的be动词的有am,is,are，WAS、WERE等。
（注意：BE动词在情态动词后要变成BE动词原形即BE）